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Exserohilum rostratum
(Drechsler) Leonard & Suggs (1974)
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Colonies on potato dextrose agar at 25°C are dark gray to olivaceous black with a black reverse. Rapid growth. Texture is woolly to cottony.
Hyphae are septate and dark. Conidiophores may be up to 200 µm long, are septate, nonbranched, geniculate, and become pale near the apex. Conidia are olivaceous brown, straight to slightly curved, ellipsoidal to rostrate (beaklike), contain 4-14 but typically 7-9 disto- or pseudosepta, have prominent, dark basal and distal septa, a strongly protruding truncate hilum, and measure 15-200 x 7-29 µm.
Although E. rostratum is a rapid grower, it may be slow to fruit, even on potato dextrose agar, and up to 3 weeks should be allowed for conidial production. Cutaneous disease was reported by Agarwal in 1995 [17], in a child with leukemia [1559], and mimicking hermorrhagic herpes zoster [2240]. Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycoses were reported by Burges and Hsu [342], [1076]. Two cases of keratitis have been cited [73], [1465], as well as a fatal disseminated infection in a patient with aplastic anemia [110].
| AMB |
CAS |
ITRA |
VORI |
FLU |
| 0.25 µg/ml=1 |
0.25 µg/ml=1 |
<0.015 µg/ml=1 |
0.5 µg/ml=1 |
32 µg/ml=2 |
| 0.5 µg/ml=1 |
|
0.0125 µg/ml=2 |
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| Drug/N |
AMB/2 |
CAS/1 |
ITRA/3 |
VORI/1 |
FLU/2 |
| MIC Range |
0.25-0.5 |
0.25 |
<0.015-0.125 |
0.5 |
32 |
* Fungus Testing Laboratory unpublished data (NCCLS M38-A)
PubMed
GenBank
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Characteristic conidia
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References
17. Agarwal, A., and S. M. Singh. 1995. A case of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exserohilum rostratum, its in vitro sensitivity and review of literature. Mycopathologia. 131:9-12.
73. Anandi, V., J. A. George, R. Thomas, K. N. Brahmadathan, and T. J. John. 1991. Phaeohyphomycosis of the eye caused by Exserohilum rostratum in India. Mycoses. 34:489-91.
110. Aquino, V. M., J. M. Norvell, K. Krisher, and M. M. Mustafa. 1995. Fatal disseminated infection due to Exserohilum rostratum in a patient with aplastic anemia: case report and review. Clin Infect Dis. 20:176-8.
342. Burges, G. E., C. T. Walls, and J. C. Maize. 1987. Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exserohilum rostratum in an immunocompetent host. Arch. Dermatol. 123:1346-50.
1076. Hsu, M. M., and J. Y. Lee. 1993. Cutaneous and subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exserohilum rostratum. J Am Acad Dermatol. 28:340-4.
1465. Mathews, M. S., and S. V. Maharajan. 1999. Exserohilum rostratum causing keratitis in India. Med Mycol. 37:131-2.
1559. Moneymaker, C. S., J. L. Shenep, T. A. Pearson, M. L. Field, and J. J. Jenkins. 1986. Primary cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to Exserohilum rostratum (Drechslera rostrata) in a child with leukemia. Pediatr Infect Dis. 5:380-2.
2240. Tieman, J. M., and B. B. Furner. 1991. Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exserohilum rostratum mimicking hemorrhagic herpes zoster. J Am Acad Dermatol. 25:852-4.
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