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Other species of Candida
Apart from the Candida spp. discussed separately in other pages, there are others less frequently involved in infections. Major characteristics of these other Candida spp. are summarized in the Table below.
| SPECIES |
MACROSCOPIC MORPHOLOGY* |
MICROSCOPIC MORPHOLOGY** |
SPECIAL NOTES |
REFERENCES |
| Candida ciferrii |
White to cream in color, powdery |
Pseudohyphae, true hyphae, branching chains of blastospores |
- |
[2202] |
| Candida famata |
White to cream in color, smooth |
Small blastospores, no pseudohyphae |
- |
[189, 385, 1858] |
| Candida lambica |
White to cream in color, smooth |
Pseudohyphae, branching chains of elongate blastospores |
- |
[2202] |
| Candida lipolytica |
White in color, dry, cerebriform or creamy |
Branching true hyphae, rare, short, and elongate branching blastospores |
Nosocomial bloodstream pathogen
May form pellicles in Sabouraud broth |
[1295, 2095, 2202] |
| Candida norvegensis |
White to yellowish, may have pinkish to beige color from reverse, has a specific odor |
Small blastospores, rare pseudohyphae |
May be resistant to fluconazole |
[26, 1058] |
| Candida rugosa |
White to cream in color, wrinkled |
Branching, short, pseudohyphae |
Nosocomial bloodstream pathogen
May be resistant to nystatin |
[385, 591, 627, 2202] |
| Candida viswanathii |
No typical morphology defined |
No typical morphology defined |
- |
[385, 462, 661, 1428] |
| Candida zeylanoides |
White to cream in color, smooth, dull |
Pseudohyphae, blastospores forming feather-like appearance along the pseudohyphae |
Causative agent of fungemia, arthritis
May form pellicles in Sabouraud broth |
[249, 1295, 2202] |
*On Sabouraud dextrose agar, at 25°C
**On cornmeal tween 80 agar incubated at 25°C for 72 h
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References
26. Ahearn, D. G., and McGlohn. 1984. In vitro susceptibilities of sucrose-negative Candida tropicalis, Candida lusitaniae and candida norvegensis to Amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, miconazole and ketoconazole. J. Clin. Microbiol. 19:412-416.
189. Barchiesi, F., A. M. Tortorano, L. F. Di Francesco, M. Cogliati, G. Scalise, and M. A. Viviani. 1999. In-vitro activity of five antifungal agents against uncommon clinical isolates of Candida spp. J Antimicrob Chemother. 43:295-299.
249. Bisbe, J., J. Vilardell, M. Valls, A. Moreno, M. Brancos, and J. Andreu. 1987. Transient fungemia and Candida arthritis due to Candida zeylanoides. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 6:668-9.
385. Carrillo-Munoz, A. J., G. Quindos, C. Tur, M. T. Ruesga, Y. Miranda, O. del Valle, P. A. Cossum, and T. L. Wallace. 1999. In vitro antifungal activity of liposomal nystatin in comparison with nystatin, amphotericin B cholesteryl sulphate, liposomal amphotericin B, amphotericin B lipid complex, amphotericin B desoxycholate, fluconazole and itraconazole. J Antimicrob Chemother. 44:397-401.
462. Collier, L., A. Balows, and M. Sussman. 1998. Topley & Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections, 9th ed, vol. 4. Arnold, London, Sydney, Auckland, New York.
591. Dib, J. C., M. Dube, C. Kelly, M. G. Rinaldi, and J. E. Patterson. 1996. Evaluation of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis as a typing system for Candida rugosa: comparison of karyotype and restriction fragment length polymorphisms. J Clin Microbiol. 34:1494-6.
627. Dube, M. P., P. N. R. Heseltine, M. G. Rinaldi, S. Evans, and B. Zawacki. 1994. Fungemia and colonization with nystatin-resistant Candida rugosa in a burn unit. Clin. Infect. Dis. 18:77-82.
661. Elie, C. M., T. J. Lott, E. Reiss, and C. J. Morrison. 1998. Rapid identification of Candida species with species-specific DNA probes. J Clin Microbiol. 36:3260-3265.
1058. Hood, S. V., C. B. Moore, and D. W. Denning. 1996. Isolation of Candida norvegensis from clinical specimens: Four case reports. Clin. Infect. Dis. 23:1185-1187.
1295. Larone, D. H. 1995. Medically Important Fungi - A Guide to Identification, 3rd ed. ASM Press, Washington, D.C.
1428. Mannarelli, B. M., and C. P. Kurtzman. 1998. Rapid identification of Candida albicans and other human pathogenic yeasts by using short oligonucleotides in a PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 36:1634-1641.
1858. Quindos, G., F. Cabrera, M. del Carmen Arilla, A. Burgos, R. Ortiz-Vigon, J. L. Canon, and J. Ponton. 1994. Fatal Candida famata peritonitis in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis who was treated with fluconazole. Clin. Infect. Dis. 18:658-660.
2095. Shin, J. H., H. Kook, D. H. Shin, T. J. Hwang, M. Kim, S. P. Suh, and D. W. Ryang. 2000. Nosocomial cluster of Candida lipolytica fungemia in pediatric patients. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 19:344-349.
2202. Sutton, D. A., A. W. Fothergill, and M. G. Rinaldi (ed.). 1998. Guide to Clinically Significant Fungi, 1st ed. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.
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